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    Question ID:   11021         Current Version: 1
Question: What are minerals?
Category: Science > Chemistry
Keywords: minerals
Type: what
Rating:(0 ratings)    Views: 382    Discussions: 0   In Watch Lists: 1  

 
    Answer:

Minerals are naturally occurring solids that have definite chemical compositions and are crystalline. Crystals are individual pieces of minerals. The most important characteristic of crystals is the orderly internal arrangement of atoms. This internal order causes the beautiful crystal shapes.

Chemical Composition and Internal Structure of Minerals 

  • Elements are the building blocks of minerals.
  • Some minerals exist as single elements; however, most minerals consist of a combination of several elements joined by a chemical bond to form a stable mineral compound.
  • Elements chemically bond to one another when their atoms gain, lose, or share electrons with other elements.
  • Ionic bonds occur when valence electrons are transferred from one atom to another, constituting a respective gain or lose between one or the other atom.
  • Covalent bonds occur when atoms from different elements share their valence electrons with one another to form a chemically stable bond.
  • In addition to ionic and covalent bonds, other bonds can also occur through various combinations of transferred and shared electrons.
  • Of the 112 elements, only 92 are naturally occurring.
  • Nearly 4,000 minerals are identified on the planet Earth, and new minerals continue to be discovered all the time.
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