Question: |
What are stratovolcanoes? |
Category: |
Science > Earth Sciences |
Keywords: |
composite volcanoes, stratovolcanoes |
Type: |
what |
Rating: (0 ratings) Views: 486 Discussions: 0 In Watch Lists: 1 |
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Answer:
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Stratovolcanoes, also called composite volcanoes, are typically steep-sided, symmetrical cones built of alternating layers of lava flows, volcanic ash, and other eruptive products (see animation courtesy of Exploring the Environment). Most stratovolcanoes have a crater at the summit (top of a mountain or volcano) containing a central vent or a clustered group of vents. Lavas either flow through breaks in the crater wall or issue from fissures (an elongate fracture or crack at the surface from which lava erupts) on the flanks of the cone. Lava, solidified within the fissures, forms dikes that act as ribs which greatly strengthen the cone. Their stable construction allows stratovolcanoes to rise as much as 2,400 meters above their bases. The essential feature of a composite volcano is a conduit system through which magma from a reservoir (a place where a large supply of magma collects) deep in Earth's crust rises to the surface. The volcano is built up by the accumulation of material erupted through the conduit and increases in size as lava, cinders, ash, etc., are added to its slopes. These volcanoes are most often found at crustal plate boundaries.
Source: NOAA
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